Page 34 - Fuels & Lubes International 2013 - Q1

很快将成为现实？
生物质经济的未来将很快成为现实，来自私营
部门和政府的不断支持是这种“绿色经济”增长的关
键。在美国，2007年实施了EISA，为纤维素生物燃料
设定了一个雄伟的目标，即，在15年内提供44%的可
再生能源。这一规模可能需要大幅度缩减，尽管这样
会导致资本投资的困难，但仍有人认为会在未来五年
内实现商业化。示范工厂正在快速开工提产，以生产
商业化数量的产品并扩大产品平台。
此外，美国能源部以贷款担保（1000亿美元）和
拔款（1.75亿美元）的方式，以及美国农业部的激励
方案（超过1亿美元）对生物燃料业进行了大力投资，
以支持政府鼓励研究、开发和商业化生产可再生燃
料1的目标。生产商希望政府继续制定明确的法规强
制要求和明确在RFS下纤维素生物燃料的质量定义。
在帮助纤维生物燃料业的发展方面，美国目前在
基础设施、资本投入和法规政策方面占有领导地位。
然而，其他国家也期待着各自的发展。巴西有着进一
步扩大其产能、基础设施和市场规模的潜力，因为它
易于获得原料，如甘蔗、大豆和玉米，并且业内的大公
司也在大力投资。预计到2030年，美国、欧盟、巴西、
印度、中国、阿根廷、澳大利亚和墨西哥的建成产能
都将有数十亿升。彭博新闻的能源金融报告预计，到
2030年，美国的建成产能将为720亿升，中国为890
亿升，巴西为710亿升，欧盟27国为600亿升，印度为
370亿升。在15年左右的时间内，可以在全世界范围
内实现商业化。
proto-type commercial plants or “mini-mills”
in markets with 100,000 or more population
within a five-mile radius, with special focus
on municipalities with high-stranded trash
costs or landfill limitations. with its expertise
in the waste industry and its specialty biotech
knowledge, the company can efficiently sort,
pulp, process, digest and refine the abundant
cellulosic content in organic waste materials.
Soon becoming a reality?
The future of a bio-based economy is soon
becoming a reality and continued support from
the private sector and the government is essen-
tial to grow this “green economy.” In the u.S.,
the enactment of the eISA in 2007 set an ambi-
tious goal for cellulosic biofuels, i.e., supplying
44% of total renewable fuels within 15 years. It
had to be scaled back drastically, but despite ma-
jor setbacks that made securing capital invest-
ment difficult, some are still upbeat about the
prospect of commercialization within the next
five years. demonstration plants are ramping up
quickly to start producing commercial quanti-
ties and expand product platforms.
In addition, there has been robust invest-
ment in the biofuels industry from the u.S. dOe
in the form of loan guarantees (uS$100 billion)
and grants (uS$175 million), as well as uSdA
incentives (in excess of uS$100 million) to
support the government’s goal of encouraging
research, development and commercial produc-
tion of renewable fuels.1 producers hope that the
government continues establishing clear regula-
tory mandates and definitions on what qualifies
as cellulosic biofuel under the rFS.
The u.S. currently leads the world in infra-
structure, capitalization and regulatory policies
in place that will help grow the cellulosic biofuel
industry. however, other countries are also
looking to grow theirs. brazil has the potential
to increase their production capacity, infra-
structure and market because of easier access
to feedstock such as sugarcane, soybeans and
corn, coupled with major investments from big
industry names. The u.S., the european union,
brazil, India, China, Argentina, Australia and
Mexico are expected to have billions of liters in
installed capacity by 2030. A bloomberg New
energy Finance report projected that by 2030,
installed capacity in the u.S. will be 72 billion
liters, in China 89 billion liters, in brazil 71
billion liters, in the eu-27 60 billion liters and
in India 37 billion liters. worldwide, it appears
that major commercialization can be achieved
within 15 years or so.
K
K
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FUELS & LUBES INTERNATIONAL Quarter One 2013 34