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Fuels & Lubes International Quarter Two 2016
一类油市场渐遭到抛弃，Fathi-Najafi说。一
类油的大分子和高粘度的特点，以及较好的
溶解性对工业应用而言至关重要，但在发动
机中的用途却不大，特别是在当今的燃料经
济性和排放要求下。
去年，市场上的一类基础油少了200万
吨，Fathi-Najafi说。因为汽车用油在不断
发展，“私营投资者不会支持一类油炼厂，”
他说。许多一类油炼厂都已非常陈旧，维护
成本也更高。一类油的原料也比二、三类油
原料更贵。
“这些变化带来的后果是，”他说，“基础
油行业所提供的产品已不再按工业润滑剂的
要求来优化。”
而环烷基油在发动机中表现不佳，但他们
也有许多应用。Fathi-Najafi估计环烷基油
占总基础油需求的10%。他们可用于润滑应
用，如润滑酯、金属加工液、液压油、工业
齿轮油等。除了润滑以外，他们还可以用于
电气行业，如变压器油，以及粘结剂、密封
剂、印刷油墨、电池隔离件的工艺油，以及
轮胎橡胶用填充油。
所有这些应用都是Fathi-Najafi 所说的石
蜡基基础油萎缩变化所带来的“附带损失”。
这些行业如何在使用一类油的基础上继续
发展呢？
Fathi-Najafi提出了如下选择方案：在这
些应用中（如有可能）改用二类油或三类
油、环烷基基础油，或混合使用环烷基和
二/三类油。Nynas已开发出了一系列产品，
二/三类油与环烷基油的调合组份，使用的
品牌是Nybase。
虽然与传统一类油相比，其闪点略低粘度
略低，在调合的灵活性和低温性能方面，产
品可以与传统的一类油相当或更好，他说。
在Nynas所进行测试中，对降凝剂的敏感度
好于普通的一类油，弹性体兼容性与普通一
类油相当。Fathi-Najafi说它可以在溶剂中
性油中随时替换其他油而保持动力粘度和苯
氨点相似。
他还提到了位于比利时安特卫普的在线调
合设施，Nynas可以根据客户的特定应用在
那里进行定制化调合，数量不限大小。“客户
可以只买一桶，如果他们只要这么多的话，”
Fathi-Najafi说。因为这个行业比较保守，不
会对变化快速作出调整（如新投资—），所
以这种灵活性是必须的，他说。
公司在新加坡裕廊还有一个供应中心，存
贮能力为32000立方米。交货期约为两周，
这个中心可以向印尼、韩国、中国、澳大利
亚和日本的存贮点供货。
economy and emissions mandates.
More than 2 million metric tonnes
of Group I base stock disappeared
from the market last year, Fathi-Na-
jafi said. Because the automotive
segment is moving on, “no private
investor will support Group I refiner-
ies,” he said. Many Group I refineries
are older, and cost more to maintain.
Group I feedstocks are also more ex-
pensive than Group II/III feedstocks.
“A consequence of these chang-
es,” he said, “is that the offering of
the base oil industry is no longer
optimised for industrial lubricant
requirements.”
While naphthenic oils do not work
well in engines, they have many
applications. Fathi-Najafi estimated
that naphthenics comprise about 10%
of total base oil demand. They find
use in lubricating applications, such
as greases, metalworking fluids,
hydraulic fluids, industrial gear oils
and more. Outside of lubrication, they
are used in the electrical industry
as transformer oils, as process oils
in adhesives, sealants, printing inks
and battery separators, as well as an
extender oil in tyre rubber.
All of these applications are part
of the “collateral damage” that
Fathi-Najafi said the paraffinic quality
shift has caused. How can these
industries move on from Group I?
Fathi-Najafi offered the following
options: shifting these applications
to Group II or III (where possible),
switching to naphthenic base oils,
or a combination of naphthenics and
Group II/Group III. Nynas has de-
veloped a range of products, blends
of Group II/III oils and naphthenics,
under the brand name Nybase.
The product is comparable or
better than traditional Group I oils
in the areas of blending flexibility
and low-temperature performance,
although it has a slightly lower flash
point, and a lower viscosity index
than traditional Group I, he said. In
testing that Nynas conducted, Nybase
outperformed regular Group I oils
in response to pour-point depres-
sants, and performed comparably in
elastomer compatibility. Fathi-Najafi
said that it can be used as a drop-in
replacement for solvent-neutral oils
with a similar kinematic viscosity and
aniline point.
He referenced the in-line blending
facility in Antwerp, Belgium, where
Nynas can make custom-blended
base oils for customers’ particular
applications, in whatever quantity the
customer needs. “A customer could
just buy a drum if that’s what they
need,” Fathi-Najafi said. Since this in-
dustry is somewhat conservative and
not prone to change quickly, this kind
of flexibility is essential, he said.
The company also has a supply hub
on Jurong Island in Singapore, with
32,000 cubic metres of storage ca-
pacity. With about two weeks’ delivery
time, this hub can supply depots in
Indonesia, South Korea, China, Aus-
tralia and Japan, he said.
Mehdi Fathi-Najafi
